Karni Mata Temple, Bikaner: A Fascinating Blend of Faith, History, and Mysticism
The Karni Mata Temple, also known as the Rat Temple, is one of India’s most unique and intriguing religious sites. Located in the small town of Deshnoke, near Bikaner in Rajasthan, this temple is dedicated to Karni Mata, a revered female sage believed to be an incarnation of the Hindu goddess Durga. The temple is famous for its unusual residents — more than 25,000 rats, which are considered sacred and are worshipped by devotees.
History and Legend of Karni Mata
The origins of the temple date back to the 15th century when Karni Mata, a spiritual leader from the Charan caste, was venerated by local communities for her miraculous powers. Karni Mata is said to have played a pivotal role in establishing many of the significant Rajasthani kingdoms, including Bikaner and Jodhpur. In fact, the royal families of Bikaner are ardent devotees of Karni Mata, and the temple reflects the strong connection between the sage and the local Rajput rulers.
According to legend, Karni Mata once attempted to bring back the dead son of one of her devotees. She pleaded with Yama, the god of death, but when he refused, she took matters into her own hands. Karni Mata is believed to have granted the dead boy new life, but in the form of a rat. It is said that all her followers who pass away are reincarnated as rats, and once they die as rats, they are reborn as humans. This cycle of reincarnation forms the spiritual foundation of the temple and explains the extraordinary veneration of rats.
Architectural Beauty
The Karni Mata Temple is a masterpiece of Rajasthani architecture. Built in Mughal style, the temple is an exquisite blend of marble, stone, and silver. The marble façade, adorned with intricate carvings and a grand silver door, adds to the temple’s aesthetic grandeur. The main deity, Karni Mata, is housed in the inner sanctum, which is adorned with silver and gold decorations. Visitors are often awestruck by the beauty of the temple and its artistic finesse.
The Sacred Rats: “Kabas”
The most remarkable aspect of Karni Mata Temple is the presence of thousands of rats, known as “kabas,” which freely roam around the temple complex. These rats are considered holy and are believed to be the reincarnations of Karni Mata’s devotees. Devotees and pilgrims feed the rats with grains, sweets, and milk, considering it a blessing to eat food that has been nibbled by these sacred creatures.
There are a few white rats among the thousands of black and brown rats. Spotting a white rat is considered extremely auspicious, as they are believed to be the manifestation of Karni Mata herself and her sons. Visitors often go to great lengths to glimpse one of these elusive white rats, believing it will bring good luck.
Despite the vast number of rats, the temple remains surprisingly clean and sanitary, which is often attributed to divine intervention. It is also said that no cases of plague or disease have ever been reported from the area, further adding to the temple’s mystical aura.
Devotion and Pilgrimage
Karni Mata Temple attracts thousands of pilgrims from across India, especially during major Hindu festivals like Navratri. The devotees show incredible devotion to the rats, often sitting and walking among them without hesitation. Many even let the rats scurry over their feet, considering it a sign of good fortune. Some devotees choose to live near the temple, dedicating their lives to the care of the rats.
The temple is also a major attraction for tourists, drawn by the sheer uniqueness of the place. The sight of thousands of rats living in harmony with humans is a cultural and spiritual spectacle that leaves a lasting impression on visitors. The temple is not only a symbol of faith but also an embodiment of Rajasthan’s rich folklore and vibrant traditions.
Significance in Modern Times
In today’s world, Karni Mata Temple stands as a symbol of tolerance and coexistence. It teaches that all life forms are sacred and worthy of respect, a lesson deeply rooted in Hindu philosophy. The temple’s acceptance of rats as holy beings challenges conventional attitudes toward animals, highlighting the importance of compassion and reverence in spiritual life.
While some might find the idea of worshipping rats unconventional, the temple continues to thrive as a place of pilgrimage and faith. For the people of Rajasthan, Karni Mata is not only a goddess but also a protector, and the temple remains a vital part of their cultural and religious identity.
